The Structure of the Exam

• Questions will for the most part consist of reading and writing code
• While the book is a good supplement, you are only responsible for topics and material in the lecture notes and the labs / projects. These are a great way for you to prepare yourself for the exam.

The exam is cumulative in the sense of you writing code in C++, but focuses on the material covered since the last exam, and in particular will concentrate on Labs 4-7, i.e., asking you to write code either directly or very similar to those programs.

Parameter and Return-Value Transmission

• parameter and return value transmission: by-value, -reference, -const-reference
• why and when to use which method

Separate Compilation

• Class definition .h/.cpp files
• C-style module .h/.cpp files
• include guards / #pragma once
• who needs what

Classes

• constructors
  • member initialization lists
• data members
• member functions
  • member functions with constant receivers
  • inline functions (both within the class declaration, and outside of it, using the inline keyword)
• non-member friend functions
• placing function bodies (definitions) in the .cpp file
• the scope resolution operator (::)

Operator Overloading

• member and non-member
  • which operators are best defined as members, and which as non-members
• arithmetic (e.g. +), compound assignment (e.g. +=), relational (e.g. ==), and insertion/extraction operators (<<, >>)
  • You should know the proper signatures for them as well
• maintaining semantic consistency of simple and compound operators (e.g., + and +=)

Miscellaneous

• default parameters
• basic exception handling — along the lines of what we did in class (in the Pair class), and what you used for Lab 06
• simple function and class templates